Mongolia is the fifth largest country in Asia, covering a total area of 1.6 million square kilometres. In 2010, the population reached 2.78 million, giving an overall population density of 1.7 persons per square kilometre, and making it the least densely populated country in the world.
Of the total population, 27.3% are under the age of 15 years, 68.8% between 15-64 years of age and only 3.9% are aged 65 years and above. Males comprise 48.6% of the population, and 63.3% of the total population live in urban areas. The adult literacy rate is reported to be 97.8%.